Why in News? 

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), the United Nations' nuclear watchdog, has brought fresh attention to global nuclear safety by expressing concerns over possible uranium enrichment activities in Iran. IAEA chief Rafael Mariano Grossi emphasized the agency’s monitoring role and the importance of transparency in nuclear programs. 

About the IAEA 

• The IAEA is the world’s top intergovernmental organization for nuclear science and technology cooperation. 
• It promotes the safe, secure, and peaceful use of nuclear energy. 
• It works in line with global non-proliferation standards. 

Formation and Headquarters 

• Statute approved: 23 October 1956 
• Came into force: 29 July 1957 
• Headquarters: Vienna, Austria 
• Total members: 178 countries