Why in News? 

Heavy rains cause flooding in Somalia’s Mogadishu. 

About Somalia 

• Capital: Mogadishu 
• Currency: Somali Shilling (SOS) 
• Languages: Somali (official), Arabic 
• Borders: Ethiopia (west), Kenya (southwest), Djibouti (northwest) 
• Coastline: Along the Indian Ocean and Gulf of Aden 
•  Geography 
  Somalia is located in the Horn of Africa. It features arid and semi-arid regions, with the Golis Mountains in the north and fertile river basins in the south along the Juba and Shabelle Rivers. 
•  Climate 
  Somalia has a hot desert climate with two rainy seasons, prone to droughts. 
•  Polity 
  It is a federal parliamentary republic. The President is the head of state, and the Prime Minister is the head of government. 
•  National Symbols 
• Flag: Light blue with a white five-pointed star, symbolizing unity. 
• National Bird: Somali ostrich, symbolizing resilience. 
• Economy 
  Based on agriculture, with livestock being a key industry. Somalia faces challenges due to climate change and security issues. 
•  Culture 
  Somali culture is deeply influenced by Islam and rich in oral traditions, including poetry and storytelling. 

Map of Somalia