Why in News?  

Researchers at Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology (SKUAST), Srinagar, have successfully created India’s first gene-edited sheep.

First gene-edited sheep  

What is Genome Editing?  

• Genome editing is a technology that allows scientists to change an organism’s DNA by adding, removing, or altering specific parts.  
• The advanced Clustered Regularly Interspaced Palindromic Repeat (CRISPR) system helps target exact locations in the genome for editing.  
• Genome editing is used in plant breeding to add desired traits to crops.  
• It is classified into three types: Site Directed Nuclease (SDN) 1, SDN 2, and SDN 3.  
• SDN 1 and SDN 2 create small changes without adding foreign DNA and are similar to traditional breeding.  
• SDN 3 involves inserting larger foreign genes, making it similar to genetically modified organisms (GMOs).