Protected Area 

Management & Activities 

National Parks 

Protected under WPA 1972, no human activities except research & controlled tourism; managed by State Govt., with NWLB & NTCA oversight. 

Wildlife Sanctuaries 

Allows grazing & forest product collection if non-harmful; managed by State Forest Dept (more flexibility than National Parks). 

Conservation Reserves 

Intended to buffer critical habitats; protected wildlife with controlled human activities; managed by State Govt., with local community involvement. 

Community Reserves 

Can be established on private or community-owned land. Local community participates in conservation, allows tourism, agriculture & small-scale product extraction; managed by State Govt. with local input.