Why in News? 

Machilipatnam Port, Andhra Pradesh, was once a prominent ancient port city. It is now undergoing a major revival with the construction of a Greenfield port, expected to become operational by the end of 2026.   

About Andhra Pradesh  

Location & Boundaries 

• Located in the southeastern part of India, along the Bay of Bengal. 
• Land Borders,  
  • North: Odisha and Chhattisgarh 
  • West: Telangana 
  • South: Tamil Nadu 
  • East: Bay of Bengal (coastline) 

Geography & Climate 

• Climate: Tropical; hot and humid summers, with moderate monsoon and mild winters 
• Highest Peak: Arma Konda (in the Eastern Ghats) 
• Major Rivers: Godavari, Krishna, Penna, Vamsadhara, Nagavali 

Capital: Amaravati (legislative); Visakhapatnam is proposed executive capital 

Currency: Indian Rupee (INR) 

Natural Resources 

• Rich in bauxite, limestone, granite, and barytes 
• Fertile plains support agriculture—especially rice, sugarcane, and cotton 
• Coastal resources include fisheries and aquaculture 

Historical Highlights 

• Once part of the ancient Satavahana and Vijayanagara Empires. 
• Played a significant role in the freedom movement and formation of linguistic states. 
• Formed as a separate state in 1956 on a linguistic basis; bifurcated in 2014 to create Telangana.