• It is officially known as the Hellenic Republic.
• It is a country in southeastern Europe, at the crossroads of Europe, Asia and Africa.
• Borders: Albania to the northwest, North Macedonia to the north, Bulgaria to the northeast, Turkey to the east.
• It has extensive coastlines along the Aegean Sea to the east, the Ionian Sea to the west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south.
• Capital: Athens, one of the oldest cities in the world, with a recorded history of over 3,400 years.
• It is characterized by its mountainous terrain and numerous islands, approximately 6,000, of which around 200 are inhabited.
• It is often regarded as the cradle of Western civilization.
• History
  • It became part of the Roman Empire in the 2nd century BCE, and later, the Byzantine Empire.
  • After the fall of Constantinople in 1453, it became part of the Ottoman Empire.
  • Greek War of Independence (1821–1830): Inspired by European nationalist movements, Greeks revolted against Ottoman rule.
  • It gained independence in 1830, supported by European powers like Britain, France, and Russia.
  • It initially became a monarchy under King Otto of Bavaria (1832).
  • It was involved in the Balkan Wars (1912–1913), gaining more territory.
  • During World War I, it sided with the Allies and in World War II, it was occupied by Nazi Germany.
  • It experienced a civil war (1946–1949) between communist and non-communist forces, resulting in a conservative victory.
  • The monarchy was abolished in 1974, it became a parliamentary republic.
• President: Katerina Sakellaropoulou
• Prime Minister: Kyriakos Mitsotakis
• It joined the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in 1952 and the European Union in 1981.
• It was one of the 12 countries that started using euro notes and coins in January 2002.
• Currency: Euro (€)

Location of Greece