Why in News? 

• WHO has declared India Trachoma-free and over 64% of Indians now receive social protection, as per the ILO. 

About Trachoma 

• Trachoma is a contagious eye infection caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. 
• It spreads through contact with infected eyes, nose, or secretions. 
• If untreated, it can lead to irreversible blindness. 

India's Achievement 

• India has been declared Trachoma-free by WHO in 2025. 
• It is the third country in the WHO South-East Asia Region to achieve this, after Nepal and Myanmar. 
• In 1971, Trachoma-related blindness in India was 5%; now it is less than 1%. 

What are Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs)? 

• NTDs are diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, parasites, fungi, or toxins. 
• They mostly affect poor, tropical communities with poor sanitation and healthcare access. 
• Called “Neglected” because they receive low global attention and funding, and carry social stigma.